The region was part of the Kingdom of Romania from 11 November 1918 to 28 June 1940. The exhibition contains materials on the dynamics of the region's political, socio-economic, and cultural development.

The exhibition features:

- the region's political life (activities of political party cells, processes of Romanianisation in various spheres of public life, the Ukrainian nationalist underground);

- the agrarian reform of 1920–1921 and its impact on the region's agriculture (samples of rural life are exhibited: peasant tools, a model of a farmstead, the interior of a house);

- emigration processes to countries in South and North America;

- trends in architectural development (examples of Art Deco, Neo-Romanesque, and Constructivism styles; types of bricks) and urban life;

- development of transport infrastructure;

- the religious and confessional life of the region's population (activities of Orthodox, Greek Catholic, Roman Catholic, Protestant, and Jewish communities);

- main trends in the development of education (examples of Romanian educational legislation, samples of school supplies and textbooks, activities of Chernivtsi University, etc.).

- manifestations of cultural life: activities of national cultural and educational societies (Ukrainian – "Ruska Besida", "Ukrainian People's House", "Women's Community", "Ukrainian School"; German – "Arminia", "Franconia"; Jewish – "Chebronia", "Zemfyra", "Maccabi"; Romanian – "Dacia", "Junimea", "Moldova"; Polish – "Lechia", "Sokół"), artistic creativity, theatre life.

- the first arrival of Soviet rule, economic transformations, and political repressions.